Treatments on HBG Panel

The whole world is struggling the disease called Diabetes. Not only that it takes life away from us, it also is a carrier disease for even more deadly disease such as Cardiac Ailments (Heart Attacks), Renal Ailments (Kidney Failures), Ophthalmological Ailments (Glaucoma and Retinopathy), Hyper –Tension, Strokes, Diabetes foot and Vascular ailments resulting into Limb amputations.

All these years we have been fighting to manage diabetes with controlling diets, exercising, taking oral pills and getting insulin injections. Though we have been able to check the extent of disease to a certain limits but we have not been able to treat it. Neither have we been able to keep at bay the diseases associated with diabetes.

What is Diabetes?

Diabetes, is a group of metabolic diseases in which a person has high blood sugar, either because the pancreas does not produce enough insulin, or because cells do not respond to the insulin that is produced.

There are largely 2 types of Diabetes–

• Type 1 results from the body’s failure to produce insulin, while
• Type 2 results from insulin resistance, a condition in which cells fail to use insulin properly, sometimes combined with an absolute insulin deficiency. Acute & serious long-term complications include cardiovascular disease, chronic renal failure, and diabetic retinopathy (retinal damage).

COMPLICATIONS

• Macro-vascular complications occur due to accumulation of fat within the walls of the blood vessels (atherosclerosis).
• Coronary artery disease (Ischaemic heart disease), peripheral vascular disease (reduced or loss of blood supply to the legs resulting in non healing ulcers, gangrene of toes or limbs), stroke (reduced blood supply to brain causing damage), erectile dysfunction.
• Diabetic retinopathy (damage to the retina in eye and blindness), diabetic nephropathy (damage to the kidney, loss of protein in the urine, renal failure) are some examples

What are the common Symptoms?

The common symptoms of type diabetes include:

• Urinating often
• Feeling very thirsty
• Feeling very hungry even though you are eating
• Extreme fatigue
• Blurry vision
• Cuts/bruises that are slow to heal
• Weight loss even though you are eating more

Evaluations

The patient would require detailed clinical investigations including Body Mass Index, Polysomnography, Electroencephalography, Electrocardiography, Pulse oximetry and Blood Monitoring before proceeding with the treatment.

Treatment

If the patient is Type 2 Diabetes, the patient may need Diabetic surgery in form of Sleeve Gastrectomy with duodenal-jejunal bypass.

It is actually a combination of Sleeve Gastrectomy with roux – en – y gastric bypass.

In this type of surgery, up to 80 percent of left side of the stomach is removed and the first part of the duodenum is disconnected using linear cutter stapler. Jejunum is divided distal to duodenojejunal flexure and Bowel continuity is restored and all the mesenteric gaps are closed.

To become eligible for this patient. The person needs to be suffering from type 2 diabetes who is fit, aged between 18 to 65 years, duration of diabetes should be > 3 years and < 20 years.

The Results

As a result of this surgery In obese people, because of narrow stomach tube, food intake is restricted, which leads to calorierestriction and weight loss. All these factors contribute to the resolution of diabetes in more than95 percent of type 2 diabetic patients.

In more than 65% patients HbA1C becomes < 6% and in 30% of patients HbA1C level between 6 and 7% is achieved. Patients are off insulin and tablets.